Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Dan Efisiensi Teknis Usahatani Kacang Panjang (Vigna Sinensis L.) Di Kecamatan Telaga, Kabupaten Gorontalo

Abdul Rahman  Gani; Moh Muchlis Djibran; Yusriyah Atikah Gobel; Meity Melani Mokoginta; Merita Ayu Indrianti; Dewa Oka Suparwata

doi:10.69693/ijim.v2i4.647

Authors

Abdul Rahman Gani Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo
Moh Muchlis Djibran Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo
Yusriyah Atikah Gobel Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo
Meity Melani Mokoginta Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo
Merita Ayu Indrianti Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo
Dewa Oka Suparwata Universitas Muhammadiyah Gorontalo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69693/ijim.v2i4.647

Keywords:

Decreasing Return To Scale, Efisiensi Teknis, Fungsi Produksi Cobb-Douglas, Kacang Panjang, Ordinary Least Square

Abstract

Kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.) merupakan komoditas hortikultura bernilai ekonomi dan gizi tinggi yang menunjukkan pertumbuhan produksi sangat signifikan di Kabupaten Gorontalo, namun kajian kuantitatif tentang faktor-faktor produksi dan efisiensi teknisnya belum pernah dilakukan di wilayah ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh simultan dan parsial faktor-faktor produksi serta mengkaji tingkat efisiensi teknis usahatani kacang panjang di Kecamatan Telaga, Kabupaten Gorontalo. Survei kuantitatif diterapkan dengan melibatkan 86 petani melalui pendekatan total sampling (sensus). Analisis menggunakan fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas yang diestimasi dengan Ordinary Least Square (OLS) melalui perangkat lunak EViews 10. Seluruh uji asumsi klasik terpenuhi: normalitas (Jarque-Bera: JB=3,596; p=0,166), bebas multikolinearitas, dan homoskedastisitas. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan seluruh faktor produksi berpengaruh nyata (F=14,207; p<0,001; R2=54,60%). Secara parsial, luas lahan (beta=0,341; p=0,002), benih (beta=0,241; p=0,024), dan pupuk (beta=0,315; p=0,045) berpengaruh nyata pada taraf alpha=5%, sedangkan tenaga kerja dan pestisida tidak berpengaruh nyata. Total elastisitas sebesar 1,009 mengindikasikan constant return to scale (CRS) pada level sistem produksi keseluruhan, sementara seluruh faktor produksi secara parsial berada pada kondisi decreasing return to scale (DRS). Temuan ini mengimplikasikan perlunya reorientasi penggunaan input melalui optimalisasi lahan, peningkatan kualitas benih unggul bersertifikat, dan penerapan pemupukan berimbang sebagai prioritas program penyuluhan pertanian di Kabupaten Gorontalo.

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