Pengaruh Pengungkapan Esg Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Profitabilitas Sebagai Variabel Moderasi Pada Perusahaan Sub Industri Perkebunan Sawit Yang Terdaftar Di Bei Periode 2021-2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69693/ijim.v4i3.2073Keywords:
ESG, Nilai Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan, Variabel ModerasiAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengungkapan Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel moderasi pada perusahaan subindustri perkebunan sawit yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2021–2025. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksplanatori. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan dan laporan keberlanjutan yang diperoleh dari situs resmi Bursa Efek Indonesia dan masing-masing perusahaan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, sehingga diperoleh 12 perusahaan dengan total 60 data observasi. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi EViews 14 melalui analisis statistik deskriptif, pemilihan model regresi data panel, uji regresi data panel, uji hipotesis, dan uji koefisien determinasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengungkapan ESG tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Profitabilitas yang diproksikan dengan Return on Assets (ROA) juga tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Selain itu, profitabilitas tidak mampu memoderasi pengaruh pengungkapan ESG terhadap nilai perusahaan maupun pengaruh ukuran perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa investor pada perusahaan subindustri perkebunan sawit masih lebih mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor selain pengungkapan ESG dan profitabilitas dalam menilai perusahaan. Besarnya aset perusahaan juga belum mampu meningkatkan nilai perusahaan karena adanya kompleksitas pengelolaan dan biaya keagenan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi pengembangan kajian mengenai nilai perusahaan, khususnya pada sektor perkebunan sawit, serta menjadi referensi bagi perusahaan dalam meningkatkan kualitas pengungkapan ESG, efektivitas pengelolaan aset, dan strategi peningkatan nilai perusahaan di masa mendatang.
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