Penataan Kampung Kayu Pulo sebagai Waterfront Amfibi Ekokultural

Hasrul Hasrul; Sugito  Utomo; Flierhaar K. N. L. Nefreiser

doi:10.69693/ijim.v4i3.2016

Authors

Hasrul Hasrul Universitas Sains & Teknologi Jayapura
Sugito Utomo Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Jayapura
Flierhaar K. N. L. Nefreiser Universitas Sains dan Teknologi Jayapura

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69693/ijim.v4i3.2016

Keywords:

Kampung Kayu Pulo, Waterfront amfibi, Penataan ekokultural, Wisata berbasis masyarakat, Permukiman pesisir

Abstract

Kampung Kayu Pulo di Kota Jayapura merupakan permukiman adat pesisir yang terbentuk melalui keterhubungan rumah panggung di atas air, jaringan titian kayu, daratan timbunan karang, ruang sosial-budaya, dan daratan karang bervegetasi. Potensi wisata bahari dan budayanya belum didukung kerangka penataan yang sekaligus melindungi hunian, nilai adat, dan ekologi pesisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan model penataan Kayu Pulo sebagai kampung adat hidup yang didukung wisata berbasis masyarakat. Pendekatan research by design dilakukan melalui inventarisasi tapak, analisis kontekstual, sintesis strategis berbasis SWOT, pemetaan fungsional pemangku kepentingan, perumusan konsep, perancangan iteratif, dan evaluasi keputusan desain. Hasil penelitian berupa konsep Eco-Cultural Amphibious Waterfront Village yang membagi kawasan menjadi lima zona: publik, semi-publik, privat, konservasi, dan servis. Penataan mempertahankan kompleks Rumah Adat dan para-para adat, Kantor Kampung, Gereja, serta Makam Ondoafi sebagai jangkar budaya tetap; memperkuat titian dan dermaga; membatasi homestay dalam klaster kecil yang dikelola masyarakat; serta mengintegrasikan interpretasi lingkungan, IPAL komunal, pengelolaan sampah, proteksi kebakaran, dan jaringan utilitas. Kebaruan penelitian terletak pada pemaknaan amfibi sebagai sistem bermukim laut-darat dan operasionalisasi prinsip Minimum Intervention, Maximum Identity. Pariwisata ditempatkan sebagai lapisan pendukung keberlanjutan kampung, bukan fungsi dominan yang menggantikan struktur sosial, budaya, dan ekologinya.

Kata kunci: Kampung Kayu Pulo, waterfront amfibi, penataan ekokultural, wisata berbasis masyarakat, permukiman pesisir

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

[1] G. Masselink and E. D. Lazarus, “Defining coastal resilience,” Water, vol. 11, no. 12, art. no. 2587, 2019, doi: 10.3390/w11122587.

[2] S. A. Sutton, D. Paton, P. Buergelt, S. Sagala, and E. Meilianda, “‘Village’ as verb: Sustaining a transformation in disaster risk reduction from the bottom up,” Environmental Science & Policy, vol. 137, pp. 40-52, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.envsci.2022.08.009.

[3] T.-L. Chen and H.-W. Cheng, “Applying traditional knowledge to resilience in coastal rural villages,” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, vol. 47, art. no. 101564, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101564.

[4] A. T. Nguyen, N. S. H. Truong, D. Rockwood, and A. D. T. Le, “Studies on sustainable features of vernacular architecture in different regions across the world: A comprehensive synthesis and evaluation,” Frontiers of Architectural Research, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 535-548, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.foar.2019.07.006.

[5] H. Han, T. Eom, A. Al-Ansi, H. B. Ryu, and W. Kim, “Community-based tourism as a sustainable direction in destination development: An empirical examination of visitor behaviors,” Sustainability, vol. 11, no. 10, art. no. 2864, 2019, doi: 10.3390/su11102864.

[6] E. Ruiz-Ballesteros and A. del Campo Tejedor, “Community-based tourism as a factor in socio-ecological resilience: Economic diversification and community participation in Floreana (Galapagos),” Sustainability, vol. 12, no. 11, art. no. 4724, 2020, doi: 10.3390/su12114724.

[7] V. Kunjuraman, “Community-based ecotourism managing to fuel community empowerment? An evidence from Malaysian Borneo,” Tourism Recreation Research, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 384-399, 2022, doi: 10.1080/02508281.2020.1841378.

[8] A. H. Lasso and H. Dahles, “A community perspective on local ecotourism development: Lessons from Komodo National Park,” Tourism Geographies, vol. 25, no. 2-3, pp. 634-654, 2023, doi: 10.1080/14616688.2021.1953123.

[9] M. K. Rahman, M. M. Masud, R. Akhtar, and M. M. Hossain, “Impact of community participation on sustainable development of marine protected areas: Assessment of ecotourism development,” International Journal of Tourism Research, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 33-43, 2022, doi: 10.1002/jtr.2480.

[10] I. S. Nurhasanah and P. Van den Broeck, “Towards a sustainable metamorphosis of a small island tourism: Dynamizing capacity building, alternating governance arrangements, and emerging political bargaining power,” Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 12, art. no. 6957, 2022, doi: 10.3390/su14126957.

[11] R. H. Sayuti, “Community readiness in implementing sustainable tourism on small islands: Evidence from Lombok, Indonesia,” Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 12, art. no. 9725, 2023, doi: 10.3390/su15129725.

[12] A. S. Suhandi, E. Novianti, D. Oktavia, A. M. Khan, and W. P. Simatupang, “Community participation process in community-based tourism development in Waerebo Traditional Village, Manggarai Regency, Flores,” ASEAN Journal on Hospitality and Tourism, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 67-82, 2022, doi: 10.5614/ajht.2022.20.2.05.

[13] O. Mtapuri, M. A. Camilleri, and A. Dłużewska, “Advancing community-based tourism approaches for the sustainable development of destinations,” Sustainable Development, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 423-432, 2022, doi: 10.1002/sd.2257.

[14] Z. Ardhita and S. Ferdiansyah, “Community participation in marine ecotourism development: A qualitative systematic review,” Local Environment, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 463-475, 2025, doi: 10.1080/13549839.2024.2436031.

[15] L. A. de Abreu, M. da C. Walkowski, A. R. C. Perinotto, and J. F. da Fonseca, “Community-based tourism and best practices with the Sustainable Development Goals,” Administrative Sciences, vol. 14, no. 2, art. no. 36, 2024, doi: 10.3390/admsci14020036.

[16] H. Ameh, L. Badarnah, and J. Lamond, “Amphibious architecture: A biomimetic design approach to flood resilience,” Sustainability, vol. 16, no. 3, art. no. 1069, 2024, doi: 10.3390/su16031069.

[17] H. Hasrul and I. Ikaputra, “Papua traditional architectural identity,” Jurnal Arsitektur ARCADE, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 218-227, 2023, doi: 10.31848/arcade.v7i2.1117.

[18] H. Hasrul and H. Kurniawan, “Implementasi arsitektur Kariwari pada bangunan Kota Jayapura,” NALARs, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 107-118, 2024, doi: 10.24853/nalars.23.2.118.

[19] C. Frayling, Research in Art and Design. London, U.K.: Royal College of Art, 1994.

[20] D. A. Schön, The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action. New York, NY, USA: Basic Books, 1983.

[21] M. A. R. Biggs and D. Büchler, “Rigor and practice-based research,” Design Issues, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 62-69, 2007, doi: 10.1162/desi.2007.23.3.62.

[22] Y. Megahed, “On research by design,” arq: Architectural Research Quarterly, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 338-343, 2017, doi: 10.1017/S1359135518000179.

[23] R. Luck, “Design research, architectural research, architectural design research: An argument on disciplinarity and identity,” Design Studies, vol. 65, pp. 152-166, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.destud.2019.11.001.

[24] R. Roggema, “Research by design: Proposition for a methodological approach,” Urban Science, vol. 1, no. 1, art. no. 2, 2017, doi: 10.3390/urbansci1010002.

[25] A. Z. Aydemir and S. Jacoby, “Architectural design research: Drivers of practice,” The Design Journal, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 657-674, 2022, doi: 10.1080/14606925.2022.2081303.

[26] A. Echaniz, S. Celik, and P. Ham, “A participatory approach in urban development: Co-designing resilient coastal neighbourhoods,” in Proc. DRS2022, 2022, doi: 10.21606/drs.2022.573.

[27] S. D. Maurischa, F. Z. Fahmi, and D. S. A. Suroso, “Transformative resilience: Transformation, resilience and capacity of coastal communities in facing disasters in two Indonesian villages,” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, vol. 88, art. no. 103615, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103615.

[28] R. B. Valenzuela, Y. Yeo-Chang, M. S. Park, and J.-N. Chun, “Local people’s participation in mangrove restoration projects and impacts on social capital and livelihood: A case study in the Philippines,” Forests, vol. 11, no. 5, art. no. 580, 2020, doi: 10.3390/f11050580.

[29] N. Moayerian, N. G. McGehee, and M. O. Stephenson, “Community cultural development,” Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 93, art. no. 103355, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2022.103355.

[30] C. Long, S. Lu, J. Chang, J. Zhu, and L. Chen, “Tourism environmental carrying capacity review, hotspot, issue, and prospect,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 19, no. 24, art. no. 16663, 2022, doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416663.