Diferensiasi Strategis melalui Desain Ulang Pelayanan Rawat Jalan Berbasis Rumah Sakit: Tinjauan Sistematis atas  Kinerja Organisasi dan Nilai Ekonomi

Zakiyatul Amaliyah; Stefina Media Sari; Zahra Aryafika Hajarrani; Purwadhi Purwadhi; Yani Restiani Widjaja

doi:10.69693/ijim.v4i3.1869

Authors

Zakiyatul Amaliyah Universitas Adhirajasa Reswara Sanjaya
Stefina Media Sari Universitas Adhirajasa Reswara Sanjaya
Zahra Aryafika Hajarrani Universitas Adhirajasa Reswara Sanjaya
Purwadhi Purwadhi Universitas Adhirajasa Reswara Sanjaya
Yani Restiani Widjaja zakiyatulamaliyah42@gmail.com

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69693/ijim.v4i3.1869

Keywords:

Diferensiasi Pelayanan, Desain Ulang Pelayanan, Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit, Telehealth, Kinerja Organisasi, Evaluasi Ekonomi

Abstract

Rumah sakit menggunakan telehealth, pemantauan jarak jauh, eConsult, klinik akses cepat, dan pelayanan terintegrasi sebagai strategi diferensiasi, tetapi nilai ekonominya berbeda menurut pemangku kepentingan. Tinjauan sistematis ini menganalisis dampak desain ulang pelayanan rawat jalan berbasis rumah sakit terhadap kinerja organisasi serta distribusi manfaat dan biaya. Pencarian PubMed mencakup artikel berbahasa Inggris yang terbit pada 1 Januari 2020–13 Juli 2026. Seleksi mengikuti PRISMA 2020, kualitas dinilai dengan instrumen JBI sesuai desain studi, dan temuan disintesis secara naratif karena heterogenitas intervensi, perspektif biaya, dan luaran. Dari 547 rekaman, 33 studi dimasukkan. Manfaat paling konsisten muncul ketika inovasi menggantikan kunjungan yang tidak diperlukan, mempercepat triase, mengintegrasikan tahapan pelayanan, atau mencegah penggunaan layanan akut. Penghematan waktu, perjalanan, dan biaya pasien lebih konsisten daripada penghematan rumah sakit. Sebagian studi menunjukkan cost shifting, peningkatan pendapatan yang diikuti kenaikan biaya, atau perbaikan operasional tanpa bukti moneter langsung. Temuan studi berkualitas lebih tinggi juga lebih bersyarat. Nilai ekonomi terutama dihasilkan oleh desain ulang proses, seleksi pasien, kesiapan organisasi, dan keselarasan pembiayaan, bukan teknologi semata.

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