Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Karpet Sapi Menggunakan Six Sigma pada PT X

Fredy Arya Eka Nugraha; Andarmadi Jati Abdhi Wasesa

doi:10.69693/ijim.v4i3.1847

Authors

Fredy Arya Eka Nugraha Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya
Andarmadi Jati Abdhi Wasesa Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69693/ijim.v4i3.1847

Keywords:

Kapabilitas Proses, Karpet Sapi, Pengendalian Kualitas, Six Sigma, Variasi Proses

Abstract

Industri manufaktur karet memerlukan pengendalian variasi proses karena cacat pada tahap vulkanisasi dan pengepresan langsung memengaruhi fungsi, tampilan, biaya pengerjaan ulang, serta keandalan produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi karakteristik cacat produk karpet sapi, menentukan prioritas perbaikan, mengevaluasi kestabilan dan kapabilitas proses, serta merumuskan tindakan pengendalian pada PT X. Penelitian menggunakan studi kasus deskriptif-kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Six Sigma pada tahap Define, Measure, dan Analyze. Data mencakup seluruh produksi selama 28 hari aktif pada Oktober 2025, yang dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan laporan quality control. Analisis menggunakan Critical to Quality, diagram Pareto, p-chart, Defects per Million Opportunities, level sigma, dan diagram sebab-akibat. Dari 10.992 unit produksi tercatat 1.027 unit cacat atau 9,34%. Lima kategori cacat teridentifikasi, sedangkan rekap kategori mengklasifikasikan 1.005 kejadian; tiga cacat terbesar, yaitu menggelembung, ketebalan tidak sesuai, dan hasil mentah, menyumbang 73% cacat terklasifikasi. P-chart menunjukkan hari ke-2 dan ke-12 melampaui batas kendali atas serta hari ke-11 berada di bawah batas kendali bawah. Perhitungan agregat menghasilkan 23.357,90 DPMO dan tingkat proses sekitar 3,49 sigma. Akar masalah mencakup ketidakstabilan suhu dan tekanan, disiplin prosedur, kualitas compound, kalibrasi pengukuran, serta lingkungan kerja. Temuan menegaskan bahwa perusahaan perlu melanjutkan tahap Improve dan Control melalui standardisasi parameter press, pemeliharaan preventif, penguatan kompetensi operator, pengendalian material, dan pemantauan statistik berkelanjutan.

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