Perencanaan Awal IPAL Industri Tepung Panir Berdasarkan Karakteristik Air Limbah

Timothy Bayu Raditya; Elvis Umbu Lolo

doi:10.69693/ijim.v4i3.1766

Authors

Timothy Bayu Raditya Universitas Kristen Teknologi Solo
Elvis Umbu Lolo Universitas Kristen Teknologi Solo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69693/ijim.v4i3.1766

Keywords:

air limbah industri, anaerobic baffled reactor, industri pangan, perencanaan IPAL, tepung panir

Abstract

Industri tepung panir menghasilkan air limbah dari pencucian peralatan dan aktivitas domestik yang mengandung bahan organik, padatan tersuspensi, serta mikroorganisme indikator. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi karakteristik air limbah dan menyusun perencanaan awal instalasi pengolahan air limbah pada PT Sakti Pangan Perkasa. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif-analitis. Debit ditentukan melalui neraca penggunaan air, sedangkan sampel sesaat diambil pada titik pencampuran ketika aktivitas puncak dan dianalisis untuk pH, kebutuhan oksigen biokimia, kebutuhan oksigen kimia, padatan tersuspensi total, dan koliform fekal. Timbulan aktual diperoleh sebesar 11,09 m³/hari dan dibulatkan menjadi debit desain 12 m³/hari. Karakteristik influen menunjukkan pH 6, kebutuhan oksigen biokimia 280 mg/L, kebutuhan oksigen kimia 932 mg/L, padatan tersuspensi total 84 mg/L, dan koliform fekal 24.000 MPN/100 mL. Seluruh parameter utama, kecuali pH, melampaui nilai acuan gabungan; evaluasi tambahan menghasilkan indeks pencemaran 8,84 atau kategori cemar sedang. Rangkaian terpilih terdiri atas penangkap lemak, ekualisasi, sedimentasi primer, reaktor bersekat anaerob, aerasi beban rendah, klarifier sekunder, dan klorinasi. Berdasarkan neraca penyisihan teoritis, efluen diproyeksikan mencapai 14,70 mg/L untuk kebutuhan oksigen biokimia (BOD), 79,92 mg/L untuk kebutuhan oksigen kimia (COD), 4,20 mg/L untuk padatan tersuspensi total (TSS), dan 120 MPN/100 mL untuk koliform fekal. Rancangan tersebut layak digunakan sebagai dasar pradesain, tetapi perlu dikonfirmasi melalui sampling komposit berulang, uji keterolahan, dan optimasi hidraulik sebelum konstruksi.

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